Carriage-bow socket



(No Model.)

J. M. PERKINS, CARRIAGE BOW SOCKET. No. 337,614. Patented Mar. 9, 1886."

lhvtTnn STATns PATENT @rrrce.

JOHN M. PERKINS, OF SOUTH BEND, INDIANA.

CARRIAGE-=BOW SOCKET.

E PECIFEQATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 337,61 dated 9. 1886.

Application filed J anuury 7, IFEG.

To (:ZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN M. PERKINS, acitizen of the United States, residingat South Bend, in the county ofSt. Joseph and State of Indiana, haveinvented certain newand usefulImprovements in Bow Sockets; and I do hereby declafethefollowing to beafull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled. in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame.

My invention relates to bow-sockets for carriages and similar articles,and has for its object the construction of a strong and durable articlethat cannot be broken. bent, oi split.

It consists, principally, of a combination with a suitable core or baseof layers of thin veneer inter-wound with coarse open-woven cloth, thewhole iirmly united by glue orother suitable cement; and in theconstruction of a bow-socket I add a double ferrule, all as moreparticularlyhereinalterdescrihedand claimed.

The employment of thin sheets of veneer glued together and textilet'abric in connection therewith is old; butin such cases it has beencustomary to arrange the sheets with the grain crosswise of thecontiguous sheet, and when a textile fabric has been employed it hasbeen of a close, fine material and used simply as a lining to theveneer. My invention in this respect differs in the fact that[ use theveneer in .very thin layers, the grain of which all runs the same way,and interpose between such layers layers of open-woven cloth known asscrim, and unite the whole by glue. The open meshes ot' the cloth permitthe glue, which is used to connect the layers of scrim and veneer, topenetrate and surround the same, and to thus make a solid, substantialstructure.

It is now a well established fact that with veneer or boards gluedacross the grain, with the grain ot'one piece placed at right angles tothe grain of the other, the connection will not be as close, secure. andpermanent as when glued together with the grain of the adjoining piecesplaced parallel.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which show asection of the lower end of a bowsocket.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the same, and Fig. 2 a longitudinalsectional view on line x m of Fig. 1.

Serial No. 187,840. (No model.)

A is the core of the socket, which may be either solid or tubular.

B is an aperture in which the end of a slatiron is inserted.

O is a layer of coarse cloth, like scrim, having open meshes and gluedto the core. The glue is first laid on the surface and the scrim thenapplied thereto, and when pressed the open meshes ot' the cloth permitthe glue to pass through and adhere to the next layer, D, which is avery thin sheet oi" wood or venee C is the next layer .of scrim, and Danother layer of wood, with the glue applied between them and allpressed together.

E is an inner ferrule placed over the inside layers, 6 and D, of scrimand wood, and E an outside ferrule placed over the succeeding layers ofscrim and wood. The outside ferrule is used for the reason that the endsof the veneer will sometimes crack when the slatirons are inserted andpressed hard into the socket.

One of the chief ClllfiClllllGS experienced in the making of ordinarylmw-sockets with a veneer-covering is the splitting of the veneercovering the socket on fastening the slat to the top bow, and when thetop-prop is nailed or screwed in place in the top part of the socket.Great care is taken in the ordinary methods to prevent this by seeingthat the grains of the respective layers cross each other at a rightangle or nearly a right angle; but with this method a safe or reliableadhesion of the glue cannot be obtained, as already stated.

By my construction all difficulty of splitting or separation of theparts from the metal,due to driving the slat-iron in or to shrinkage, isavoided.

Closely-woven cloth or muslin will not answer the purpose of theopen-meshed cloth or scrim that I employ, as both sides would have to becarefully covered and filled in with glue, whereas by the use of scrimthe glue need be applied to but one side, when it will pass through themeshes and cover the opposite side when the succeeding layer of veneeris pressed on.

\Vhat I claim is- 1. Aloow-socket or similar article provided withoutsidelayers of thin wood or veneer with their grain all running in thesame direction,

too

in combination with interposed layers of coarse1y-woven clothsueh asscrim-and a gether to form a tubular or other covering,

double ferrule with a layer or layers of wood, substantially asdescribed. IO and the cloth between the inner and outer In testimony\vhereofI affix my signaturein ferrule, substantially as described.presence of two witnesses.

2. A covering composed of layers of very JOHN M. PERKINS. thin woodalternately wound with coarse cloth Witnesses: having open meshes-suchas scrim-through J. L. TAYLOR, which glue will penetrate, the partsglued to- XV. F. PETTIT.

